Ni hehe hagaragara umwuka wanduye mu Rwanda, hateza ikihe kibazo?

Ikigo cy’Igihugu gishinzwe Kubungabunga Ibidukikije REMA, hamwe na Minisiteri y’Ubuzima (MINISANTE) bisaba Abaturarwanda gushyigikira gahunda yo gusukura umwuka abantu bahumeka, kuko biri mu byakumira impfu zituruka ku ndwara, cyane cyane izitandura.

Hakizimana Pie Celestin umuhanga mu bijyanye n’ubuziranenge bw’umwuka muri REMA, avuga ko ibice bijya bigaragaramo umwuka wanduye mu Gihugu ari ibituwe cyane bibamo inganda n’imihanda y’igitaka inyurwamo n’imodoka zitumura umukungugu, ndetse n’uduce tubamo ibikoni by’abantu bacana inkwi cyangwa aho batwitse ibindi bintu.

Ahandi umwuka utajya uba mwiza buri gihe, ni mu duce tugizwe n’imihanda n’ubwo iba ari kaburimbo ariko hanyura ibinyabiziga byinshi bikoresha ingufu nyinshi za moteri mu guhaguruka cyangwa kugenda ahantu haterera, ndetse n’ahakorerwa imirimo myinshi irimo ububabiji no gusudira, cyane cyane mu dukiriro.

Ibi byose ngo byohereza mu mwuka uhumekwa utuvungukira duto cyane tw’imyanda(imyotsi) tujya mu miyoboro y’ubuhumekero no mu y’amaraso, tukayifunga cyangwa tukayikomeretsa ku buryo biviramo abantu uburwayi bukomeye.

Ikoresheje ikarita y’ubuziranenge bw’umwuka, REMA ivuga ko ibipimo by’ubucucike bw’umukungugu n’imyotsi biri munsi y’umubare 50 birangwa n’ibara ry’icyatsi kibisi nta kibazo biteje ku buzima bw’abantu, ariko iyo byatangiye kuba umuhondo kugera ku mubare wa 100, abantu bafite intege nke z’umubiri basabwa kutaguma aho hantu igihe kinini cyane.

Ibipimo iyo bigize ibara ry’ironji(orange) abarwayi ba asthma, sinusitis n’ibicurane basabwa kwambara udupfukamunwa kuko baba bashobora kugerwaho n’ingaruka, bakarushaho kuremba iyo ibipimo byazanye ibara ry’umutuku rirengeje umubare 100, kuko byo bigira ingaruka  no ku badafite ikibazo cy’intege nke z’umubiri.

Mu ndwara zituruka ku guhumeka umwuka wanduye harimo kanseri y’ibihaha, indwara z’umutima, izifata ubwonko, ubuhumyi cyangwa ishaza mu maso, kubyara abana batagejeje igihe cyo kuvuka cyangwa batujuje ibiro ndetse hakaba n’abapfira mu nda, nk’uko bisobanurwa na Minisiteri y’Ubuzima hamwe n’Ishami ry’Umuryango w’Abibumye ryita ku buzima (OMS).

Umuyobozi mu Kigo gishinzwe Ubuzima mu Rwanda (RBC) ushinzwe kurwanya indwara zitandura, Dr Francois Uwinkindi, avuga ko aba mbere bibasirwa mu buryo bwihuse n’ihumana ry’umwuka ari abafite intege nke z’umubiri nk’abarwayi, abakuze, abana hamwe n’ababyeyi batwite.

Dr Uwinkindi agira ati “Uyu mwotsi w’imodoka cyangwa uva mu byo batwitse, iyo uwuhumetse ugaca mu myanya y’ubuhumekero, ikintu cya mbere ukora ni ukongera ibyago by’indwara nka asthma, ibicurane na za sinusites zidakira, kuko aho uwo mwotsi wagiye uca urahangiza, ukahazibya, ukahatera udusebe(inflammation) kuko haba hatagikora neza, noneho iyo bitinze cyane hatangira kuza izindi ndwara nka kanseri y’ibihaha.”

Dr Uwinkindi avuga ko nta nyigo zihariye zirakorwa mu Rwanda kugira ngo hagaragazwe uburyo ihumana ry’umwuka ririmo guteza ibibazo ku buzima bw’abantu, ariko inyigo zituruka ahandi ngo zikomeje kubyerekana.

Umubyeyi wakuyemo inda 4 akeka ko byatewe n’umwuka wanduye

Umubyeyi twahisemo kwita Veneranda Mukamuganga, utuye ku Kicukiro hafi y’ahitwa kuri Ziniya, avuga ko yakuyemo inda 4 ubwo yakoraga mu gakiriro hafi y’umuhanda, aho yahumekaga imyotsi y’ibinyabiziga hamwe n’imyanda iva ku byo akora birimo no gucana imbabura akoresheje ibisigazwa bya matelas(imifariso).

Inda ya kane ni yo yaje kuvukamo umwana muzima witwa Mugisha bitewe n’uko igihe yari amutwite ngo atajyaga mu kazi, ariko eshatu za mbere hamwe n’iya gatanu, abana bavukaga bapfuye, ndetse ngo hari mugenzi we bakoranye we wakuyemo inda zirindwi.

Urutonde rw’ibihumanya n’uburyo bikurikirana rugomba gukorwa

Ikigo REMA kivuga ko kizakora inyigo igaragaza ibintu byose bihumanya umwuka mu Rwanda n’ikigero buri kintu kibangamiyeho ubuzima bw’abantu, ariko ikidashidikanywaho mu bya mbere akaba ari ibinyabiziga bikoresha ibikomoka kuri peterori, nk’uko raporo yakozwe mu gihe hari irushanwa mpuzamahanga ry’amagare ibigaragaza.

Umuyobozi Mukuru wa REMA, Juliet Kabera yabwiye itangazamakuru ko ubupimiro 10 bwashyizwe ahantu hatandukanye muri Kigali bwagaragaje ko umwuka wari mwiza mu gihe imodoka zahagarikwaga ubwo irushanwa ry’amagare ryabaga, ariko ubu umwuka ngo wongeye guhumana kuko ibinyabiziga birimo kugenda ari nyinshi.

Imibare y’agateganyo yatangajwe muri 2023 n’Ikigo cy’Imisoro n’Amahoro kuko ari cyo gitanga ibyapa by’ibinyabiziga(plaque), yerekanye ko icyo gihe hari imodoka zirenga ibihumbi 330 mu gihe moto zikoresha lisansi zarengaga ibihumbi 177.

Ikigo REMA kivuga ko ibi binyabiziga bikoresha lisansi na mazutu bigomba gusimbuzwa ibikoresha amashanyarazi, ariko mu gihe bitaracika burundu abantu ngo bagomba kumenyera kugenda n’amaguru, kunyonga amagare, kwirinda ingendo z’imodoka zitari ngombwa cyane, gutega bisi no kwitabira gusuzumisha ibinyabiziga ku gihe.

Hakenewe inkuru nyinshi zicukumbura siyansi n’ibidukikije by’umwihariko

REMA yeretse Abanyamakuru imwe mu mishinga u Rwanda rufite igomba gusobanurirwa abaturage kugira ngo bagire uruhare mu kiyishyira mu bikorwa, hagamijwe kuzaraga abana n’abuzukuru igihugu kitarangwamo isuri, gituwe n’abahumeka umwuka mwiza ndetse no kuba umwaka wa 2050 uzagera nta byuka bitera isi gushyuha u Rwanda rwohereza mu kirere.

Umuyobozi Mukuru wa REMA akaba asaba ubufatanye n’abanyamakuru bakora ku bidukikije (REJ) mu gukora inkuru zicukumbuye, zituma abantu bafata ingamba zo kubungabunga ibidukikije mu Rwanda.

Abanyamakuru bagize REJ basuye REMA mu rwego rwo gushimangira amahugurwa bahawe na FOJO Institute, ku bijyanye no gukora itangazamakuru rishingiye kuri siyansi n’ibarurishamibare.