Simon Kamuzinzi
Inkuru ya BBC
Ubushakashatsi buheruka gukorwa bwerekana ko kimwe cya kane cy’abari hagati y’imyaka 18 na 34 batajya bitaba telephone – ababukoreweho bavuga ko birengagiza iyo telephone isona, bagasubiza banditse ubutumwa cyangwa bakabanza gushaka uko bamenya uwari ahamagaye, iyo batayizi.
Ubu bushakashatsi bwa Uswitch bwakozwe ku bantu 2,000 bwasanze kandi 70% by’abari hagati y’imyaka 18 na 34 bahitamo ubutumwa bwanditse aho guhamagara/rwa.
Ku bantu bo mu biragano (generations) bikuru kuri aba, kuvugira kuri telephone ni ibintu bisanzwe – kuri bamwe kuvugira kuri telephone y’umugozi yo mu nzu cyangwa kuri Kiosk nibyo bamwe bakuriyemo cyangwa bakuze babona.
Ku rundi ruhande abo muri iriya myaka bo bakuze bakoresha ahanini kwandika ubutumwa.
Kuva ababyeyi bampa telephone ya Nokia bahina ku isabukuru yanjye y’imyaka 13, natwawe no kwandika ubutumwa.
Nashoboraga kumara umugoroba wose nyuma y’ishuri nandika ‘message’ y’amagambo 160 ku nshuti zanjye, nsiba ibitari ngombwa nongera nsubiramo, kugeza ubutumwa bubaye uko mbwifuza.
Mu 2009, ubwo guhamaraga kuri telephone byari bihenze, kwandika ubutumwa bugufi byatangiye gukoreshwa na benshi, ni ho ikiragano cy’ubutumwa bugufi cyavukiye.
Guhamagara byatangiye kuba ku bw’impamvu yihutirwa, na ho za telephone z’umugozi zo mu nzu zihinduka izo guhamagara ba nyogokuru, ku bari bazifite.
Dr Elena Touroni, inzobere mu mitekerereze, asobanura ko kuko ababyiruka batagize umuco wo kuvugira kuri telephone, “ubu kuyivugiraho bisa n’ikintu kidasanzwe kuko bitagezweho”.
Ibi bishobora gutuma abato batinya ko hari ikintu kibi kibaye iyo telephone yabo ihamagawe.
Hejuru ya kimwe cya kabiri cy’urubyiruko rwasubije mu bushakashatsi bwa Uswitch bavuze ko iyo telephone ibahamagaye batari bayiteze bitega kumva inkuru mbi.
Eloise Skinner inzobere mu kuvura indwara zo mutwe asobanura ko igishyika giterwa no guhamagarwa kiva “ku gutinya ikibi gishobora kuza”.
Ati: “Mu gihe ubuzima bwacu bugenda burushaho guhuga n’akazi kakazamo ibitari biteganyijwe, tubona umwanya muto wo guhamagara inshuti ngo tuganire gusa. Guhamagara rero bihinduka iby’inkuru ikomeye mu buzima bwacu, akenshi ishobora kuba ari inkuru ikomeye cyangwa mbi”.
“Ni ibyo neza neza”, ni ko Jack Longley w’imyaka 26 avuga, yongeraho ko nawe atajya yitaba telephone atazi kuko “ishobora kuba ari abashukanyi cyangwa abagurisha ibicuruzwa.
“Biroroshye kureka kuzitaba ahubwo ugashakisha ukumenya ab’ukuri baguhamagaye”.
Ariko kutavugira kuri telephone ntibivuze ko urubyiruko rutaganira n’inshuti zarwo – imbuga bahuriramo (group chats) ziba zishyushye umunsi wose mu butumwa butebya, ‘memes’, ibihuha, ndetse na vuba aha za ‘voice notes’.
Byinshi muri ibi biganiro bibera ku mbuga nkoranyambaga, cyane cyane kuri WhatsApp, Instagram na Snaptchat aho biba byoroshye kohereza ifoto, cyangwa ‘memes’, bikajyana n’ubutumwa bwanditse.
Mu gihe twese twemera ko guhamagara bitakigezweho cyane, gukoresha ‘voice notes’ byo byaciyemo ibice ababyiruka n’abakuze.
Mu bushakashatsi bwa Uswitch, 37% by’abari hagati y’imyaka 18 na 34 bahitamo gukoresha ‘voice notes’ mu itumanaho. Naho 1% mu bari hagati y’imyaka 35 na 54 nibo bahitamo ‘voice notes’ aho guhamagara.
Susie Jones, umunyeshuri w’imyaka 19, ati: “Voice note ni nko kuvugira kuri telephone, ariko ni byiza kurushaho. Ubasha kumva ijwi ry’inshuti yawe kandi nta gitutu, rero ni uburyo bwiza bw’itumanaho”.
Ariko kuri njye, kumva ‘voice note’ y’iminota itanu y’inshuti imbwira ibibabaje mu buzima bwe sibyo mpitamo, mu gihe iyo nkuru yose yayinyandikira mu magambo macye.
Gusa byombi, ubutumwa bwanditse na ‘voice notes’ bituma urubyiruko ruganira mu buryo bwarwo kandi bigatuma basubiza babitekerejeho.
Kwanga kwitaba telephone ku kazi
Ariko se ni ku ruhe rugero kwanga guhamagara/rwa bitangira kugira ingaruka ku buzima mu kazi kawe.
Henry Nelson-Case, umunyamategeko w’imyaka 31 akaba n’umuntu ukora amashusho (content creator) ashyira ku mbuga nkoranyambaga y’uruherekane yise “overwhelmed millennial”, yerekana ibintu benshi bisangamo.
Nk’aho umukozi yandikira kompanyi ye email ndende yanga gukora amasaha y’ikirenga, n’indi y’umukozi ukora ibishoboka byose yirinda kwitaba telephone.
Ati: “Ni igihunga giterwa no kuganira mu buryo butaziguye, kwinyuramo, cyangwa kutagira ibisubizo ako kanya” bituma yanga telephone.
Dr Touroni ati: “Kwitaba telephone bisaba kuba witeguye, bishobora gutamaza umuntu utiteguye gusubiza, naho ubutumwa butuma umuntu asubiza yumva yiteguye cyangwa atari mu ntege nke”.
Dunja Relic, umukobwa w’umunyamategeko w’imyaka 27, avuga ko yirinda kwitaba telephone zo ku kazi kuko “zishobora gutwara igihe kandi zikansubiza inyuma mu kazi nari ndimo”.
Eloise Skinner ati: “Hari ikintu kirimo kwiyongera cyo kwigengesera muri iki gihe cyacu, kandi guhamagara umuntu bisaba uwitaba guhagarika ibyo arimo kugira ngo yite kuri wowe – ikintu gikomerera n’ababasha gukora byinshi icya rimwe”.
James Holton, umushoramari w’imyaka 64, avuga ko abakozi be bakiri bato bitaba gacye cyane telephone, bamwe “baba bafite ubutumwa buhita bigusubiza ko bahuze cyangwa bakaba barafunze nimero yanjye ku buryo idacamo”.
Ati: “Buri gihe baba bafite impamvu, iyo bavuga cyane ni uko telephone yabo iba muri ‘silent’, ‘bityo sinayibonye maze nibagirwa kuguhamagara nyuma’.”
James avuga ko byabaye ngombwa ko abimenyera nyuma yo kubona “icyuho mu itumanaho” no “kuba abakozi bakunda ubutumwa bwanditse. Rero ni inshingano zanjye kubaha amahitamo yabo”.
Ariko se, mu itumanaho ridakoresheje imvugo no kuba abantu bagenda bakorera mu rugo, twaba turimo kugenda dutakaza kuganira gusanzwe?
Eloise Skinner, ya nzobere mu kuvura indwara zo mu mutwe, avuga ko ibi nibikomeza gutya “dushobora kuzatakaza ikintu cyo kwegerana no kwiyumvanamo”.
Ati: “Iyo tuganira tuvugana tugenda duhuza, mu mbamutima, mu kazi, no ku giti cy’umuntu. Iryo huriro rishobora gutuma wumva unyuzwe, wuzuye, cyane cyane mu kazi”.
Ciara Brodie, umukozi muri supermarket ufite imyaka 25, ntameze nk’ab’urungano rwe, ati: “Ndishima kandi nkunda iyo abankuriye bampamagaye (kuri telphone).
“Biba bisobanutse kurusha ubutumwa kuko bisaba imbaraga runaka, bityo umenya ko ukuyobora ashima koko akazi kawe.”
Ciara, akunda no kuganira n’abakorana na we kuri telephone ku minsi yakoreye mu rugo kuko “hari ubwo uba ufite irungu, bityo ni byiza gukomeza kuvugana”.
Mu gihe bamwe bavuga ko ubu buryo bushya bw’itumanaho ari ikindi kimenyetso ko ababyiruka turi “abantu b’imbamutima zoroshye”, mu by’ukuri biri kure y’ibyo. Ahubwo ni ukugendana n’ibihe.
Nta gushidikanya ko mu myaka 25 ishize abantu binubiraga kuva kuri fax bajya kuri email, ariko izo mpinduka zatumye itumanaho rirushaho koroha.
Wenda iki ni cyo gihe cyo kwemera imbaraga z’ubutumwa bwanditse ndetse kimwe n’uko twipakuruye imashini ya fax mu myaka ya za 1990, dushobora no gusiga guhamagara guteye ubwoba mu 2024.
By Julien
