Simon Kamuzinzi
Perezida Isaias Afwerki (iburyo) wa Eritrea yagiranye ibiganiro na bagenzi be Abdul Fattah al-Sisi (hagati) wa Misiri na Hassan Sheikh Mohamud (ibumoso) wa Somalia i Asmara
Ihembe ry’Afrika kugeza uyu munsi ririmo umwuka utari mwiza uturuka ku kuba igihugu cya Ethiopia kitarebana neza n’ibihugu bitatu bigikikije ari byo Misiri, Somalia na Elitrea.
Addis Ababa na Cairo byo bimaze imyaka irenga 10 birebana nabi kuko Ethiopia yubatse urugomero rutura rw’amashanyarazi ku ruzi rwa Nile mu burengerazuba bwa Ethiopia.
Misiri ibona ibyo nko kubangamira ingano y’amazi atemba muri Nile, uruzi iki gihugu kigizwe ahanini n’ubutayu gishingiraho imibereho.
Mu kwezi gushize, ubwato bwa Misiri bwajyanye intwaro nyinshi muri Somalia. Ibi byabaye nyuma y’uko indege za gisirikare za Misiri mu kwezi kwa munani na zo zajyanye izindi ntwaro n’amasasu muri Somalia.
Ibyo rero si ibyo kurenza ingohi kuko Somalia na yo ibangamiwe cyane n’amasezerano Ethiopia yagiranye na Somaliland yo kuyikodesha ubutaka bwayifasha kugera ku nyanja itukura bityo Ethiopia ikoreherwa n’ubucuruzi kuko nta butaka igira bukora ku nyanja. Nyamara Somalia yo iracyafata Somaliland nk’ubutaka bwayo bwite.
Ayo masezerano nubwo atarashyirwa mu bikorwa, ariko hibazwa niba koko Ethiopia ifata Somaliland nk’igihugu nubwo umunsi ano masezerano yemezwa, umukuru wa Somaliland Muse Bihi Abdi yavuze ko muri yo harimwo ingingo ivuga ko hazagera igihe Ethiopia ikemeza Somaliland nk’igihugu kigenga mu gihe Ethiopia yo itiragira icyo ibitangazaho. Somalia rero ibona ibyo nko kwirengagiza gukomeye kwa Ethiopia ku bw’inyungu zayo, kandi ibizi neza ko Somaliland ari ubutaka bwa Somalia.
Somaliland ni agace ka Somalia kahoze gakoronijwe n’ubwongereza. Mu 1991 katangaje ko kiyomoye kuri Somalia, kandi gafite ibintu byose biranga igihugu, harimo umurongo ukomeye wa politike, amatora araba nk’uko bisanzwe, igipolisi ndetse n’ifaranga . Nyamara mu myaka myinshi, Ethiopia yafashaga leta y’i Mogadishu kurwana n’inyeshyamba za al-Shabab.
Naho Eritrea yo mu 2018, habaye kwizera ko amakimbirane y’igihe kirekire hagati ya Ethiopia na Eritrea arangiye, nyuma y’intambara y’umupaka yari yarabaye mu myaka 20 yari ishize.
Icyo gihe Minisitiri w’Intebe Abiy Ahmed wa Ethiopia yasinye amasezerano yo “gutangaza amahoro n’ubucuti” na Eritrea.
Ayo masezerano yatumye abona igihembo cy’amahoro kitiriwe Nobel mu 2019.
Ariko imibanire y’ibi bihugu yongeye kuzamo agatotsi nyuma y’intambara y’imbere muri Ethiopia mu karere ka Tigray gahana imbibi na Eritrea.
Muri iyi ntambara, Asmara yafashije leta ya Ethiopia ariko ntiyashishikajwe n’amasezerano yo kurangiza imirwano yo mu Ugushyingo(11) 2022.
Umubano waje kumera nabi kurushaho umwaka ushize ubwo Abiy yatangazaga ko igihugu cye gishaka uko cyagera ku cyambu ku nyanja itukura.
Igihugu cya Ethiopia kifuza kugera ku Nyanja itukura
Ibyo byose rero ni byo byatumye hatekerezwa ko ibi bihugu bitatu bitarebana neza na Ethiopia byaba bikoze ihuriro rigamije kuyirwanya ubwo abategetsi ba byo bahuriraga i Asmara muri Eritrea bakahamara iminsi bahakorera inama.
Itangazo rya Eritrea ry’ibyavuye mu nama yabo rikomoza ku “kubaha ubusugire…n’imbibi z’ibihugu by’akarere”. Ibi byafashwe nko gukomoza ku mugambi wa Ethiopia wo kubona uko ikora ku nyanja utishimiwe n’ibi bihugu, nubwo bitavuze Ethiopia mu izina. Rikomeza rivuga ko “bemeranyijwe… gukomeza inzego z’ubutegetsi za Somalia ngo zihangane n’ibibazo by’imbere no hanze, no gufasha igisirikare cya Somalia guhangana n’iterabwoba ry’ubwoko bwose.”
Iyi yari inshuro ya mbere Perezida Sisi asuye Asmara, mu gihe Perezida wa Somalia we ari inshuro ya gatatu agiyeyo muri uyu mwaka.
Hassan Khannenje, umukuru w’ikigo Horn International Institute for Strategic Studies yabwiye BBC ati: “Iri ni ihuriro rirwanya [Ethiopia] Addis Ababa”.
Yongeraho ati: “Ntekereza ko ari ukugerageza guhuza urwango mu gushaka gushyira igitutu kuri Ethiopia.”
Ariko Daud Aweis Minisitiri w’Itumanaho wa Somalia ibi arabihakana, avuga ko iyo nama yari igamije gusa gukomeza ubufatanye hagati y’ibi bihugu bitatu.
Yabwiye BBC ati: “Nta mugambi dufite wo kurwanya Addis Ababa.
“Addis Ababa ni umuturanyi wacu twakoranye igihe kirekire, nubwo nyuma ubutegetsi bwabo bwazanye ikintu cyo guhungabanya akarere. Ariko turacyahagaze ku mahoro kandi ntitubona ko inama nk’iriya y’i Asmara hari icyo irebaho Ethiopia”.
Reka tubitege amaso, ariko kandi intambara irasenya ntiyubaka, ahubwo twavuga tuti “Imana irinde ihembe ry’Afrika, igirire neza ibibondo by’Afrika”!
Julien B.
